https://emsenn.net/tags/drugmetabolism/ Recent content in DrugMetabolism on emsenn.net Hugo en-us Thu, 02 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000 https://emsenn.net/library/domains/science/domains/medicine/domains/pharmacology/terms/cytochrome-p450/ Thu, 02 Apr 2026 00:00:00 +0000 https://emsenn.net/library/domains/science/domains/medicine/domains/pharmacology/terms/cytochrome-p450/ <p>The cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are a superfamily of heme-containing monooxygenases found primarily in the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes (liver cells) and enterocytes (intestinal cells). They catalyze the oxidation of a vast range of substrates — pharmaceutical drugs, dietary compounds, endogenous hormones, and environmental toxins — and are responsible for the metabolism of approximately 75% of all clinically used drugs.</p> <p>The name reflects their biochemistry: &ldquo;cytochrome&rdquo; (colored cellular protein), &ldquo;P450&rdquo; (the protein absorbs light at 450 nm wavelength when bound to carbon monoxide). Humans have 57 CYP genes organized into 18 families and 44 subfamilies.</p>