Identify Plant Problems
- Observe the plant and note specific symptoms: which parts are affected (leaves, stems, roots, fruit), what the damage looks like (discoloration, holes, spots, wilting, stunting), and when the problem appeared.
- Check environmental conditions first: is the plant receiving the right amount of light, water, and temperature? Environmental stress is the most common cause of poor growth.
- Look for physical evidence of pests: holes in leaves, visible insects, sticky residue, webbing, or frass (insect droppings).
- Look for signs of disease: spots or patches of unusual color on leaves, powdery or fuzzy coatings, soft or rotting tissue, cankers on stems.
- Check soil moisture by pushing a finger 2–3 cm into the soil: dry soil suggests underwatering; persistently wet soil suggests overwatering or poor drainage.
- Compare symptoms to cooperative extension resources or a plant problem diagnostic guide for your region.
- Address the most likely cause first: correct watering, improve drainage, adjust light exposure, or remove affected plant material.