Local needs assessment is the ongoing grassroots practice of identifying needs through direct contact with affected people and neighborhoods rather than relying only on distant administrative categories [@watters2014; @occupysandyorientation2012].

Within emergent disaster response, the term matters because conditions change quickly and official visibility is uneven. Needs become legible through door-to-door contact, conversation, debriefs, and repeated returns to the same places rather than through a single centralized survey [@twiggmosel2017; @watters2014].